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| jal |
Posted: Mar 16 2007, 01:35 AM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
Here are some better pictures than mine.
First, the triangle, 2d then the 3-Dimensional star (or dual tetrahedron) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymatics One of Jenny's more complex experiments include a spherical vibrating water droplet containing fine particles, these particles then formed into a 3-Dimensional star (or dual) tetrahedron shape with surrounding circles as shown below. ![]() ![]() edit: You might want to read the following http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_theory System Dynamics An aspect of systems theory, system dynamics, is a method for understanding the dynamic behavior of complex systems. The basis of the method is the recognition that the structure of any system — the many circular, interlocking, sometimes time-delayed relationships among its components — is often just as important in determining its behavior as the individual components themselves. Examples are chaos theory and social dynamics. It is also claimed that, because there are often properties-of-the-whole which cannot be found among the properties-of-the-elements, in some cases the behavior of the whole cannot be explained in terms of the behavior of the parts. An example is the properties of these letters which when considered together can give rise to meaning which does not exist in the letters by themselves. This further explains the integration of tools, like language, as a more parsimonious process in the human application of easiest path adaptability through interconnected systems. This post has been edited by jal on Mar 16 2007, 02:04 AM -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Mar 17 2007, 02:49 AM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
Browse the following site
http://www.blazelabs.com/f-p-wave.asp The Particle - The wrong turn that led physics to a dead end -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Mar 20 2007, 07:07 PM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
This is to help you understand my approach. Learning about symmetry can be fun.
http://www.fam-bundgaard.dk/SOMA/NEWS/LETTERS.HTM SOMA Don’t overlook all the links. http://www.fam-bundgaard.dk/SOMA/NEWS/N991201.HTM The 48 Symmetries of SOMA -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Mar 22 2007, 05:12 PM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
http://dao.mit.edu/~wen/
Xiao-Gang Wen Home Page Read his first chapter A new book Quantum Field Theory of Many-Body Systems ---from the Origin of Sound to an Origin of Light and Electrons Chapter 1: Introduction Then try out his java model http://dao.mit.edu/~wen/java/dance/dance.html It will show the quantum minimum length structure in a dynamic situation. Try it with 12. -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Mar 23 2007, 02:36 PM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
Time to go back to school.
The dynamic approaches are slowly developing. http://dao.mit.edu/~wen/topartS3.pdf An Introduction of Topological Orders Xiao-Gang Wen ----------------- Don’t be mislead by the word “ether”. He uses a cube and I use a double tetra. http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-th/pdf/0507/0507118.pdf Quantum ether: photons and electrons from a rotor model Michael Levin and Xiao-Gang Wen∗ Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (Dated: May, 2005) 13 Feb. 2007 V. CONCLUSION From a high energy point of view, the string-net picture of the vacuum is quite appealing. It explains why the standard model looks the way it does - that is, why nature chooses such peculiar things as gauge bosons and fermions to describe itself. In addition, it unifies the mysterious gauge symmetries and anticommuting fields into a single underlying structure: a string-net condensate. But can we actually construct a string-condensed local bosonic model that produces the entire standard model? We are close, but not quite there. In terms of elementary particles we can produce photons, gluons, leptons and quarks, but we do not know how to produce neutrinos or SU(2) gauge bosons. -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Mar 24 2007, 10:55 PM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
The paper that you have all been waiting for. "SPOT" HAS MADE IT IN THE arxiv.org http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/gr-qc/pdf/0610/0610056.pdf Quantum Mechanics and the Generalized Uncertainty Principle Jang Young Bang_ and Micheal S. Berger† 01 Dec 2006
THIS IS ONLY THE BEGINNING OF WHAT IS TO COME. -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Mar 29 2007, 03:14 PM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
Another paper …. Another small step towards using the Quantum Minimum Length Structure (QMLS) This approach could be applied to find out what is happening on a membrane; both are 2D. http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/gr-qc/pdf/0703/0703135.pdf Loop quantization of spherically symmetric midi-superspaces Miguel Campiglia1, Rodolfo Gambini1, Jorge Pullin2 27 March 2007
This can be achieved by applying/obeying the Quantum Minimum Length Structure (QMLS) --------------- -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Mar 31 2007, 04:24 PM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
Another paper ... another approach .... trying to understand minimum length. http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/gr-qc/pdf/0703/0703144.pdf Dynamical coherent states and physical solutions of quantum cosmological bounces Martin Bojowald_ 29 march 2007
“Squeezed”, is another approach to try to understand minimum length. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squeezed_state http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent_state http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_coherence http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_of_coherence http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_optics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_band http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_relation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonon http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_cell http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_frequency http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinusoid http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_harmonics -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Apr 4 2007, 03:32 PM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
Another step in the right direction.
http://arxiv.org/pdf/0704.0278 q-deformed spin foam models of quantum gravity Igor Khavkine1 and J. Daniel Christensen 02 April 2007 Large triangulations are necessary to approximate semiclassical space-times. The possibility of obtaining numerical results from larger triangulations takes us one step closer to that goal and increases the number of facets from which the physical properties of a spin foam model may be examined. As an example, we are able to study how the spin-spin correlation varies with the distance between faces in the triangulation. Consider a triangulated 4-manifold. Let _n denote the set of n-dimensional simplices of the triangulation. The dual 2-skeleton is formed by associating a dual vertex, edge and polygonal face to each 4-simplex, tetrahedron, and triangle of the triangulation, respectively. Given the discrete structure of our spacetime model, it is conceivable that this combinatorial distance, multiplied by a fundamental unit of length, approximates some notion of distance derived from the dynamical geometry of the spin foam model. (I use a double tetra. See my visuals) -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Apr 19 2007, 03:54 PM
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Well its not called a spot or QMLS but its going in the right direction. http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/arxiv/pdf/0704/0704.2397v1.pdf The Quantum Configuration Space of Loop Quantum Cosmology J. M. Velhinho 18 April 2007
I even looked up the following to try to get a better idea of what is happening. http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/0264-9381/20/1/103/q301l3.html Polymer and Fock representations for a scalar field Abhay Ashtekar, Jerzy Lewandowski and Hanno Sahlmann 11 Dec 2002 “Our choices will ensure that the polymer scalar field can `live' on quantum geometry.” -------------- -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Apr 21 2007, 04:51 PM
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Sabine Hossenfelder: Phenomenological Quantum Gravity
The search for a satisfying theory that unifies general relativity with quantum field theory is surely one of the major tasks for physicists in the 21st century. During the last decade, the phenomenology of quantum gravity and string theory has been examined from various points of view, opening new perspectives and testable predictions. I will give a short introduction into these effective models which allow to extend the standard model and include the expected effects of the underlying fundamental theory. I will talk about models with extra dimensions, models with a minimal length scale and those with a deformation of Lorentz invariance. The focus is on observable consequences, such as black hole and graviton production and modifications of standard-model cross-sections. -------------- Since I have an interest in the work being done on minimum length, I have listed some papers which I found. (Saves you the time to dig them up) ------------ http://online.kitp.ucsb.edu/online/strings...der_SP_KITP.pdf THE MINIMUM LENGTH A POWER POINT PRESENTATION -------------------- http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-th/pdf/0611/0611017v1.pdf Phenomenological Quantum Gravity S. Hossenfelder 01 Nov 2006 -------------- http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=ap...ep-ph%2F0512050 Studying the effects of minimal length in large extra dimensional models in the jet + missing energy channels at hadron colliders Gautam Bhattacharyya 1, Kumar Rao 2, K. Sridhar 02 July 2006 ---------------- http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-th/pdf/0603/0603032v2.pdf Interpretation of Quantum Field Theories with a Minimal Length Scale S. Hossenfelder 23 May 2006 --------------- http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=ap...ep-th%2F0510245 Self-consistency in Theories with a Minimal Length S. Hossenfelder 21 Feb 2006 ------------------ http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=ap...ep-th%2F0502142 The Casimir Effect in the Presence of a Minimal Length U. Harbach S. Hossenfelder 15 March 2005 --------------- http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-ph/pdf/0404/0404205v1.pdf Signatures of a minimal length scale in high precision experiments U. Harbach,1, ∗ S. Hossenfelder,2 M. Bleicher,1 and H. St¨ocker1 23 April 2004 --------------------- http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-ph/pdf/0607/0607165v3.pdf Mini Black Holes in the first year of the LHC Discovery Through Di-Jet Suppression, Mono-Jet Emission and ionising tracks in ALICE H. St¨ocker 24 July 2006 ---------------- http://dpf2004.ucr.edu/talks/talk301.pdf High precision measurements and the minimal scale Constraining models with Large eXtra Dimensions through high precision experiments Ulrich Harbach ------------- Is anyone aware of any refinement being done on the calculations? --------------------------- -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Apr 24 2007, 03:25 PM
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‘Limiting Curvature Construction’ Using two dimensions to get at an understanding of minimum length is not limited to what I have been doing. “Strings” uses ‘Limiting Curvature Construction’. Since, quantum black holes are a possibilities at CERN then these approaches need to be revisited and updated. http://br.arxiv.org/PS_cache/gr-qc/pdf/9405/9405004v2.pdf Singularity-Free Two Dimensional Cosmologies R. Moessner and M. Trodden 03 Nov 1994
http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-th/pdf/9305/9305111v1.pdf A Nonsingular Two Dimensional Black Hole M. Trodden, V.F. Mukhanov, R.H. Brandenberger 22 May 1993
--------------- http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=ap...gr-qc%2F9303001 A COSMOLOGICAL THEORY WITHOUT SINGULARITIES R. Brandenberger , V. Mukhanov and A. Sornborger 01 march 1993
-------------------- http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=ap...ep-th%2F0210016 Hawking radiation of nonsingular black holes in two dimensions D. A. Easson 19 Feb 2003/pub 03 May 2006
If you have read the above papers you will note that they lack a 2d structure, which I have supplied from first principle. If you apply a “sharp razor” you will used the QMLS as an answer. See my blog. -------------- http://www.citebase.org/fulltext?format=ap...ro-ph%2F0608034 The Accelerating Universe and a Limiting Curvature Proposal Damien A. Easson 01 Aug 2006
Yes, It’s called QMLS. -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: Apr 25 2007, 01:40 PM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
‘Deterministic systems’- minimum length – QMLS An understanding of minimum length is not limited to what I have been doing, Quantum mechanic uses ‘Deterministic systems’ which is equal to QMLS. http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/quant-ph/pdf/0604/0604008v2.pdf The mathematical basis for deterministic quantum mechanics Gerard ’t Hooft 26 June 2006 http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/arxiv/pdf/0704/0704.2559v1.pdf Is there a relativistic nonlinear generalization of quantum mechanics? Hans-Thomas Elze 19 April 2007
http://www.jinr.dubna.su/publish/Proceedin...05/pdf/elze.pdf A quantum field theory as emergent description of constrained supersymmetric classical dynamics Hans-Thomas Elze
Also, presented at Brazilian Journal of Physics, vol. 35. no. 2A, June, 2005 http://www.sbfisica.org.br/bjp/files/v35_343.pdf Determinism and a Supersymmetric Classical Model of Quantum Fields Hans-Thomas Elze
http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-th/pdf/0605/0605154v1.pdf THE GAUGE SYMMETRY OF THE THIRD KIND AND QUANTUM MECHANICS AS AN INFRARED LIMIT HANS-THOMAS ELZE 16 May 2006/ Received April 19, 2007
The following is a good explanation of the theories, and what we know and don’t know about our universe. Reading the following paper was enlightening 4. How little I know 5. How much I still have to learn 6. My approach to minimum length and structure is still valid http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/gr-qc/pdf/0609/0609011v1.pdf The Cosmological Constant Problem, an Inspiration for New Physics Stefan Nobbenhuis 04 Sept 2006
It appears that there are many ways of finding the minimum length: ‘Deterministic systems’, ‘Limiting Curvature Construction’, ‘Quantum Geometry’, and ‘QMLS’. Who will be the “math kid” that can combine all of the approaches? ( If I was a betting man, I would put my money on Gerard 't Hooft and group because they are already analyzing “structures”.) The final model should be able to produce the required dynamics that would give us a better understanding of the universe. ------------------ -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: May 5 2007, 04:07 PM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
Great pictures from THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES SYDNEY AUSTRALIA
http://www.maths.unsw.edu.au/school/articles/me100.html Distributing points on the sphere The unit sphere S2 in three dimensions is the set of all points x in R3 the distance |x| = 1 from the origin. Here we are considering just the surface of the sphere, not its interior. In contrast to the circle, it is not possible to equally distribute points on the sphere except in a few special cases (the platonic solids illustrated below). Instead many different criteria are used to distribute points, including minimum energy, covering, packing, Voronoi cells, volume of their convex hull, maximum determinant, cubature weights and norms of the Lagrange polynomials. These different criteria are illustrated in the following images, all based on a set of 100 points which are at least very close to minimizing the potential energy. ![]() In a mini black hole all of the forces are so great that there are no defects in the sphere. To be stable, it is easy to see that all of the quantum areas must all be the same and be in their exact positions with no defects. I have already calculated some stable configurations by using QMLS and the "Barbero-Immirzi parameter". jal -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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| jal |
Posted: May 9 2007, 01:27 PM
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Advanced Member ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Group: Members Posts: 1459 Joined: 23-October 05 Positive Feedback: 64.29% Feedback Score: -15 |
-----------------------
How do we calculate the minimum quantum area? 1. The densest packing of circles in the plane is the hexagonal lattice of the bee's honeycomb which has a packing density of 1/6 * pi *sq root 3 = .9068996821 2. There are 24 units/circles that must cover approx. .9068996821 of the surface area of the sphere. The sphere area will be .093101 bigger than the area covered by the circles. The BI parameter that yields the desired agreement with S = A/4 is given by the value γ0 = 0.27398 Diameter..........Area sphere................Area circle 0.55279064............0.96 ....................0.240...... (not permitted) 0.2763953198.........0.24 ....................0.060...... (not permitted) 0.6909883............. 1.5 ..................... 0.375..... (not permitted) 1.3819766............. 6 .................... 1.5 ....... (not permitted) 2.763953198.....24 .................... 6 .......... okay 5.5279064........... 96 ................... 24 .......... okay 11.55812............384 ................... 96 .......... okay 22.1116256.......1,536 .................. 384 ......... okay 44.22325115......6,144 ................ 1,536 ......... okay Diameter..........Area sphere..........Area circle … # quantas ….. Area ratio c/s 2.763953198.....24 .................... 6 .......... 6 ……. ¼ 5.5279064........... 96 ................. 24 ......... 24 ……. ¼ 11.55812............384 ................... 96 ..........96 ……. ¼ 22.1116256.......1,536 .................. 384 ........ 384 ……. ¼ 44.22325115..... 6,144 ............. 1,536 ......1,536 ……... ¼ 88.44645 …….. 24,576 ………….... 6,144 ……. 6,144 ...…… ¼ 176.8929 ……. 98,304 …………... 24,576 …..24,576 ……... ¼ (the sphere will be approx 0.1 bigger than the area covered by the individual circles in a hex pattern ) (entropy) S = A/4. The 0.1 (10%) needs an explanation. There may be other restrictions/conditions that must be met to obtain a stable sphere. For instance, If we look on how the black hole might break up, rather than on how to make one. The black hole might break up into two groups of three energy unit. (quarks?) This would lead us to postulate that a mini black hole might be produced using enough energy to bring 6 quarks close enough for them to orbit each other. (H-dibaryon) -------------- Would CERN produce enough energy to be able to produce a new particle made up of 6 quarks? Some might call it a heavy proton or a heavy neutron. When it broke up would it make two protons or two neutrons or one of each? Or something else? ---------------- http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/nucl-th/pdf/9912/9912063v2.pdf H-dibaryon Tsutomu Sakai, Kiyotaka Shimizu and Koichi Yazaki 08 jan 2000 p. 14 Another quark confinement mechanism is called flip-flop model… and studied in S = −2 channel. §4. Nucleon–H-dibaryon interaction In this section, we will review a study on the interaction between a nucleon and an Hdibaryon in Ref. 165) and further comment on the possible implication of the H-dibaryon to the world of the nucleus with S = −2. As stated in the introduction, the H-dibaryon is not only an interesting object in itself but also important in S = −2 sector nuclear physics. In fact, though a few events of double hypernuclei were reported 147), 148), 149) and several candidate events have successively been reported recently, 150), 151) structures of these double hypernuclei have not been fully understood yet. It is possible that there is a double hypernucleus which have the character of an H-nucleus rather than ΛΛ nucleus, if the Hdibaryon is strongly bound in the nucleus. p. 21 Tamagaki suggested the possibility that H-matter appears at densities several times higher than normal nuclear density. 162) That work is based on an assumption that the CMI plays a key role in determining the properties of the H–H interaction. p. 22 In Tamagaki’s discussion 162) that there is a possibility of a phase transition from neutron matter to H-matter at a density which is 6 -> 9 times greater than the normal nuclear density ρ0. Using a relativistic mean field theory, it is studied how H-dibaryon condensate affects the equation of state and the properties of neutron stars. 164) It is shown that, if the limiting neutron star mass is about the mass of the Hulse-Taylor pulsar (1.44M⊙), a condensate of H-dibaryons with their mass in the vacuum about 2.2 GeV and a moderately attractive potential in the medium could not be ruled out. http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-ph/pdf/9404/9404221v1.pdf H dibaryon in the QCD sum rule Nobuaki Kodama, Makoto Oka and Tetsuo Hatsuda 06 April 1994 -------------- Further searches gave me A power house!!!! http://cosmo.nyu.edu/glennys_farrar.html Farrar and grad student G. Zaharijas have shown that the baryon asymmetry of the universe may be only an asymmetry in "packaging", with the baryon number in nucleons balanced by anti-baryonic dark matter. Observational constraints on such DM have been obtained and are found to be consistent with the expected DM properties. In one such scenario the DM consists of H and anti-H dibaryons, impelling a renewed study of a long-lived H dibaryon. ------------ http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-ph/pdf/0303/0303047v1.pdf Transitions of two baryons to the H dibaryon in nuclei Glennys R. Farrar and Gabrijela Zaharijas 05 march 2003 I. INTRODUCTION The H dibaryon corresponds to the most symmetric color-spin representation of six quarks (uuddss). It is a flavor singlet state with charge 0, strangeness -2 and spin-isospin-parity I(JP ) = 0(0+). The existence of the H was predicted by Jaffe in 1977 [1] in the framework of the quark-bag model. Its mass was originally estimated to be around 2150 MeV, making it stable toward strong decay to two _ particles. Since then, there have been many theoretical efforts to determine its mass and production cross section and, on the experimental side, many inconclusive or unsuccessful attempts to produce and detect it. There are a number or possible reactions by which two nucleons can convert to an H in a nucleus. The initial state is most likely to be pn or nn in a relative s-wave, because in other cases the Coulomb barrier or relative orbital angular momentum suppresses the overlap of the nucleons at short distances which is necessary to produce the H. Note that the H does not bind to nuclei[15]; it simply recoils with some momentum imparted in its production. There are five experiments which have reported positive results in the search for single _ decays from double _ hypernuclei. ---------- http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-ph/pdf/0508/0508150v1.pdf Flavor-singlet hybrid baryons may already have been discovered Olaf Kittel Glennys R. Farrar 12 Aug 2005 The hybrid ansatz suggests, but does not predict, that the H-dibaryon mass may be as low as 1.5 GeV. ----------- Has anyone got anything newer or informative? -------------------- A talk given at Particles and Nuclei International Conference(PANIC05), Santa Fe, NM, Oct. 24-28, 2005 http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-lat/pdf/0601/0601005v1.pdf Multi-Quarks and Two-Baryon Interaction in Lattice QCD F. Okiharu, H. Suganuma, T. T. Takahashi and T. Doi 04 jan 2006 http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-lat/pdf/0601/0601003v1.pdf Anisotropic lattice QCD studies of penta-quarks and tetra-quarks N. Ishii, T. Doi, H. Iida, M. Oka, F. Okiharu, H. Suganuma and K. Tsumura 01 jan 2006 --------------------- The work on H dibaryon spheres by Glennys R. Farrar and others strongly suggest that the minimum length scale should be at 10^-16 and would not need to be scaled to 10^-18. My poor poor H dibaryon sphere!!!! With hex packing and minimum scale each of the (red) quarks must be separated by an empty position to be able to move into. This will mean that the minimum sphere will be 10% bigger than the sum of the 24 positions. The kinds of quarks will determine the packing density configurations. The mini-black holes that could be produced at CERN will be H dibaryon sphere! They reveal the QMLS! ![]() SPOT has made it into the STANDARD MODEL -------------------- Moved 10 June 2008
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