The Space-Stretch, Cosmology

The universe is not expanding at an edge at light speed.
Instead the space inbetween the galaxies is stretching
in a closed universe.

Anybody know of the geometry of the space-stretch?

I think it takes Riemanian geometry where the universe
is seen as the expanding surface of a hypersphere.

Hi Nick,

I think your "stretch" could be accommodated within any model generally speaking. You would really need to know the "global" geometry to answer the full question. At the moment the "flavor of the month" is a de Sitter Universe. It could easily be a reverse de Sitter Universe (my favorite) or a Saddle Universe, Hyperbolic Universe or a few other possibilities. Within them all space will need to be expanding to accommodate the Hubble Shift. The "big" question is will it actually "really" be accelerating away such that the Universe will expand into the cold forever or will there be a reversal soon or in the distant future to arrest this present expansion?

Got a coin?

Cheers

A discontinuous extropy expansion of the universe (surfure tension breaking apart the initial singualrity) and a subsequent mini big expansion phase could cause the universe to expand uniformly with respect to the galaxies. But this implies that the smallest initial discontinuity quanta were galaxy level in size. I have no problem with that.

The universal entropy expansion is not eternal. This is difficult to explain with existing theory because the mathematics gets very cumbersome. A compacting model that compresses existing theory into three variables, suggests that space began at infinity to create the infinite entropy potential needed for the surface tension of the primal point and the galaxy expansion. The once infinite boundry of space is compacting. When the two overlap, i.e., inertial space and contracting infinite space, there will be no more bulk entropy within the universe. Infinite and inertial space will overlap and gravity will take over completely. This will contract the universe and space for another cycle.

How space can go from zero, divide and then partially go back to infinity for another cycle is next to impossible to expalin using exisitng theory. With the compact MDT model approach it becomes logical. I'll try to explain what appears impossible with intuitive logic. When the old universe expires, time potential runs out or T=0. But this creates the seed for a new long universe cycle, where its time potential becomes maximizes, T=C. The universe needs all this time potential to go through another complete cycle. This long life cycle, by necessity requires all the potential within contracting infinite space to create the needed entropy potnetial for the surface tension and to expand the inertial universe toward a distant perimeter.

This change within space amounts to a simple change of reference between D,T=0 and D,T=C. The model needed to understand this is based on the premise that common matter reflects relativity in action. I would be willing to teach MDT theory as a serial forum discussion if anyone is interested. In fact, the discussion about the three universe model types used basic MDT theory. Inertial analysis and reference both stays exactly the same, but it gets easier to explain complicated things in very compact ways. My hope is that others will uncompact (popcorn) the MDT theory back into all the mathematical details of exisiting theory. This would make for powerful simulation software.

The MDT model is a good conceptual modeling tool that complements mathematics and existing theory, because those were its parents.

GoodElf?

I realized something. If space is stretching inbetween
galaxies as the universe expands what about the opposite?
What if the universe contracts?
Space shrinks.

What is the geometry of the space-shrink?
What is the math behind the stretch-shrink of space?

Space has three relativistic parameters each with two light speed parameters; M, t=c, d=c; D, m=c, t=c; and T, m=c, d=c. The M parameter of space increases with time. Doppler shift data implies that the D of space is still increasing. While T is decreasing, i.e., universe time clock is ticking.

The increasing M causes the gravity potential of space to increase with time. However the increasing D is lowering gravity density within space. When entropy equals zero, then D will begin to decrease, ie. universe contracts, and space gravity and space gravity density will both increase for an accelerating contraction.

The M of space is increasing due to fusion. It converts some of the relativity within the eternal partilces of common matter, to form short lived transient partilcles with little or no relativity This add to the increasing M parameter of space.

MDT?

Why not say that the gravity "inbetween" two masses is
getting weaker?

At the center of gravity of both it is getting weaker.

Hi Nick,

He he he... You should not have asked me that one. I go all stringy here. lets say the Universe is a anti-de Sitter universe (we are on the "inside" of an closed universe ... not the "outside")

Outside we look like a bubble. But how big is that bubble. Now go back on the inside and assume that the geometry is a reciprocal space instead of R -> infinity 1/R -> infinity. Let’s say we all live on a braneworld. Seen on the inside the dimension of our Universe looks like about 15 Billion light years across. Let’s now say that it is rotating and being frame dragged along by gravity at some miniscule rate of angular rotation. If R= 15B LY what is the linear velocity at the 'edge' of the Universe? The answer is it is spinning virtually at the speed of light. If it is spinning at the sped of light what is the circumference of the Universe. It will be zero because of relativistic length contraction (alternatively you could conclude that Spacetime is curled into a higher dimension). Naturally the edge of the Universe will not spin at © but will be some velocity very slightly below that velocity. Since this is not a material object spinning, it is empty space itself that is spinning; it can do this trick provided that there are no material particles there to spoil it.

Externally we could have a very small dimension for the diameter of the Universe. Internally we have the geometry of the "expanding Universe". Maybe we spin in more than a plane. Perhaps we spin in higher dimensions (my choice) this will allow us to spin in more than just a single plane at once. Let’s spin in 6 dimensions then we will shrink in every direction at once at the edge of the Universe but undergo virtually little or no contraction a small distance from the edge of the hyper-spinning Universe "on the inside". Internally the size of the Universe stays virtually the same and because for almost all Spacetime is being "frame dragged" along. There would be an extra force… a slight coriolis force in the Universe that appears to be pushing stuff apart the further they get apart. Sounds familiar eh?

Cheers

What the MDT model seems to indicate is that space has gravitational potential even without inertial matter being present. The fact that gravity can bend apparently empty space shows that it is at least partly of the same substance as matter. I call this mass analog of space, the M or mass potential of space.

The MDT model explains electrons, protons and neutrons is being composed of nearly massless particles spinning/rotating in these tiny regions of space at speeds very close to the speed of light. The relativistic velocity creates a mass dilation to create stable mass (M) particles in our inertial reference. The relativistic speed of their infinitessimal time cycle of these tiny particles create a time dilation to give them what appear to be very long life (T) in inerital reference, i.e. billions of years. While the distance dilation (D) of infinitessimal size or diameter(?) explains all the force, entropy and charge properties that are observed in inertial reference. These three relativity in action particles, eac with three parameters, see the inertial universe pulled in by various degrees of distance relativity, such that they see everything nice and close for their force/charge/entropy interactions.

Time potential changes (T) are expressed with heat. This is due to the tiny particles only needing a singular native time frequency, for relativistic velocity alone to define the spectrum of inertial time. Therefore, time potential changes imply relativistic velocity changes instead of changes in the actual time cycle of the tiny particles. This relativistic velocity change summation is expressed as heat in inertial reference. The (T) variable is both time and heat.

When you remove all the relativity, such as during electron-positron annilation, the nearly massless particles are conserved and become the increasing M parameter of space. These building blocks last longer than the structure they once created.

I believe the original energy of the universe that built up
to make matter was a kind of dark energy in space.
I believe this because there must be some energy
to close space right from the begining. I don't believe
in the matter singularity Big Bang because its gravity
would be infinite. It would be a black hole without
any possibility of expansion/inflation. With the original
space energy the gravity is spread out and is not
going infinite and the universe has a chance for
expansion/inflation to overcome it while remaining
closed.

There is a distiction to be made between curvature or
gravity where matter is and where it isn't. Where mass
is the curvature is called "contractile." Around and
outside of mass the curvature is "tide driving."
They are not the same thing. I have taken both
these curvature terms from John Wheeler.

With MDT theory, space has three components, M, D and T. Each has two compementary light speed aspects (everything inertial is composed of three letter combos of MDT, where each parameter stays within the range; 0 to C). This provides space with three integrated relativistic and six light speed aspects. What everyone intutively calls dark matter is probally the M aspect of space. While dark energy are the other two parameters DT of space or distance/time, wavelength/frequency. These have been around since the beginning.

The model predicts six light speed wave phases, EM, heat and entropy, plus three complementary phantom waves phases. I call them phantom because I am not sure what they exactly are because they are not common. They are sort of mirror images. EM energy starts a D for a coodinated change of T so the prodcut remains at the speed of light. But its phantom mirror starts at T to change D. Doppler shift appears to be one of the phantom light phases or an artifact of one.

Going back to space, its six ligtht speed aspects from its three parameters, makes space the matrix for the six light speed waves phases, which also integrates them through the three relativistic parameters of space. This is the substance of space. This integrates with the MDT of inertial (all parameters stay less than C).This integegration of the light speed phases with the substance of space (<C), and the substance of inertial (<C), keeps the universe closed. Just that right now the observance of universe bulk entropy implies that we are in the expansion cycle mode.

The universe scale singualrity or mega black hole create a univeral scale force paradox. When D equals 0 everywhere in the universe there is a force discontinuiity (infinite force and no force at the same time). Gravity no longer completely applies because it is only partially in effect. Entropy takes over. The MDT model suggests that space splits. Its M aspect remains with the sinularity to retain its black hole nature. Its DT aspects go to C (what you call the energy within the original universe). The combined result is the black hole quantum dividing (entropy surface tension) within something like a universal or space field of energy. The eventual phase change back to inertial matter (divided space recombines), results in billions of mini big bangs that are still entropy expanding but slowing down, due to gravity increasingly taking over once again.

If the galaxies aren't actually moving then the cosmological space-stretch is also redshifting light on its way from the distant galaxies. Light is being stretched along with space!

How interesting